Chidutswa cha pulasitiki, monga zinthu zofunika kwambiri za mafakitale ndi ogula, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga, kulongedza, kutsatsa, mainjiniya, ndi minda ina. Magwiridwe ake osiyanasiyana ndi ntchito zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kapangidwe kake ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Nkhaniyi ifotokoza mfundo zazikuluzikulu za pepala la pulasitiki ndipo kambiranani njira yake yopanga, zopangira zazikulu, ndi mfundo zaluso mwatsatanetsatane, zomwe mukufuna kupereka tsatanetsatane wa mafakitale.
I. Zoyambira zoyambira za pulasitiki
Mapepala a pulasitiki amapangidwa makamaka kuchokera ku malo okwera {{0} Zida zake zopingasa zimaphatikizapo zoyambira, zowonjezera, ndi zothandiza. Chotsitsira chotsirizira chimatsimikizira katundu wofunikira, kukana kutentha, ndi bata. Mitundu yofananira imaphatikizapo polyethylene (pe), polyplene (pp), polyvinyl {PVC), ndi ac.
Zowonjezera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza mapepala apadera, monga:
1. Ma Pilozer: Sinthani kusinthasintha, komwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pama sheet a PVC;
2. Kukhazikika: Pewani kuwonongeka kwa matenthedwe kapena chithunzi, monga mchere wotsogolera ndi mankhwala a Errotin;
3.
4. Flame obwereza mwamphamvu kukana, kukonza moto koyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga ndi mafakitale amagetsi;
5.
Ii. Njira zazikulu zopangira mapepala apulasitiki
Kupanga mapepala a pulasitiki kumasiyanasiyana, ndipo njira zosiyanasiyana zimakhudzira kufanana pakati, kulondola kwa makulidwe, ndi luso lopanga. Otsatirawa ndi njira zina zofala kwambiri:
1. Kutalika
Kutalika kwa madongosolo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakupanga mapepala apulasitiki. Njirayi imaphatikizapo kusakaniza ma stunets okhala ndi zowonjezera, kutentha ndi kusungunula mu extruder, ndikupukuta pang'ono. Njirayi ndiyoyenera kwa a thermoplastics monga pe, pp, ndi pvc. Imapereka zabwino zopanga mosalekeza ndi mtengo wotsika, koma kufanana kwa makulidwe kumakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kapangidwe ka nkhungu.
2. Kalenda
Njira yogulitsa imagwiritsira ntchito ma rallers ambiri okhala ndi kusiyana kovomerezeka kuti mukakane pulasitiki yopendekera. Njirayi ndi yoyenera kupangira zida monga pvc ndi ablong- gloss, yotsika {{}} Ubwino wake umakhala pamwamba palokha, koma pamafunika ndalama zambiri ndipo ili ndi zofunikira pazinthu zosasinthika.
3..
Kukanikiza kotentha ndikoyenera kwa promaroseting platstics (monga ma phenolic a) kapena ma sheet akuluakulu. Zida zopangira kapena zopangira zimayikidwa mu nkhungu ndikuchiritsidwa pansi pa kutentha kwambiri komanso kukakamizidwa kwambiri. Njirayi imasinthika kwambiri ndipo imatha kupanga ma sheet okhala ndi mawonekedwe ovuta, koma imapereka mphamvu yotsika yopanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zapamwamba.
4. Cointroxsision ndi mitundu yazinzisi
Kupititsa patsogolo ntchito yonse yama sheet, njira zamakono zimagwiritsa ntchito ma coextrosion kapena kuyanjana. Mwachitsanzo, kuvala - ndi chotchinga chotchinga chitha kuchitidwa ndi gawo lapansi lopanga magetsi. Ma coexoxsisision amagwiritsa ntchito ma extrope angapo kudyetsa zida zodyetsa mogwirizana, ndikupanga mitundu yambiri, nyumba zopingasa munthawi imodzi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa zomanga zapamwamba za {6}.
Iii. Mfundo zaluso zaukadaulo ndi kuwongolera kwapadera
Kuphatikizika ndi mtundu wa mapepala apulasitiki kumasonkhezeredwa ndi zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo zopangira zina zopangira, njira zogwiritsira ntchito, ndi zida zolondola. Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zimaphatikizapo:
• Kuwongolera kutentha: Kutentherera kwakukulu kochulukirapo kungayambitse kuwola, pomwe kutentha kwambiri kochepa kumatha kukhudzanso maluwa;
• Kukakamizidwa kutsata: awonetsetse zinthu zakuthupi, kupewa thovu komanso kuchulukana;
• Kuzizira
• Tumizani {{{}} kukonza njira, monga kuphikira kwa UV ndi kusindikiza kwa nthaka, kumatha kukulitsa magwiridwe antchito.
Iv. Mapeto
Njira yophatikizira mapepala a pulasitiki imafuna kusankha kosinthika malinga ndi pulogalamu yofunsira. Kuchokera pakukula kwa zoyambira ndi akazembe oyendetsa ma coextrosion ndi matekinolojekitimizani matekinoloje, njira iliyonse imakhala ndi zabwino zake komanso kuchuluka kwa ntchito. M'tsogolo, ndikuyambitsa zida zachilengedwe (monga Bio {
